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DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS
02-02-2023, 10:55
| SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS | |
| FRIENDSHIP BUILDERS | |
| 12-18 | Spontaneously uses 40-80 words |
| Starts to use recognizable words "wawa" "babba" "dada" | |
| Use sounds from the following sound families: /p, b, t, d, k, g, m, n, y, w/ | |
| Indicates wants and needs by pointing/gesturing and engages in pretend play | |
| Produces subjective and objective pronouns (I, it) | |
| Follows a 2-step direction without gestures "go get" | |
| Answers yes/no questions, possibly with a head nod or shake | |
| Refers to self by name, engages in parallel play, and exhibits verbal turn taking | |
| Points to distant objects outside | |
| Says social words like "hi, bye-bye, thank you, please." | |
| Requests items by name "more milk" and protests by vocalizing "no!" | |
| Asks and Answers "what's that" and "where" with rising intonation | |
| Says "all gone" and asks for more | |
| Points to 12 objects when named | |
| Repeats actions that made someone laugh and imitates adult behaviors in play | |
| Talks to self during play | |
| 18-24 | Speaks 40-80 words |
| Use sounds from the following sound families: /p, b, t, d, k, g, m, n, y, w/ | |
| Produces personal pronouns (my, me, mine, you, your) | |
| Points to familiar objects in a picture | |
| Imitates gestures involving objects (rolls car) | |
| Follows three directions "go upstairs, get your shoes and coat" | |
| Names three pictures | |
| Puts two words together "go car" | |
| Verbally requests snacks and/or drinks "I want cookie" | |
| Imitates animal or environmental sounds | |
| Uses intelligible speech 50% of the time | |
| Imitates a 4 word phrase | |
| Asks what, where, who questions with rising intonation | |
| 2-3 years | Expressive vocabulary of 200-300 words and combines 2 words together |
| Has approximately 75% intelligibility | |
| Produces the pronouns: "your, she, he, yours, we" | |
| Clearly produces /p, b, m, t, d, k, g, n, w, h, w/ in words | |
| Rapid sound expansion. Say "cat" (not tat) "dog" (not gog) | |
| Airflow sounds emerge: /s, z, sh, f, v, h/ | |
| Asks and answers who, what, and where questions | |
| Uses early pronouns I, you, me, his, hers in speech | |
| Vocalizes for all needs "I want more" | |
| Says yes and no in speech | |
| Understands in, out, on, under, one, many, together, away | |
| Understands number concepts of one and two and size differences such as big/little. | |
| Begins to understand time concepts of soon, later, wait | |
| Demonstrates the use of an object's function | |
| Points to and names 5 pictures when asked | |
| Follows three step directions "go upstairs, get your shoes and coat" | |
| Understands verbs and most adjectives color and size | |
| Combines nouns and verbs "boy is running" | |
| recites a few nursery rhymes and holds up fingers to tell age | |
| Controls volume of voice and briefly joins in play | |
| 3-4 years | Expressive vocabulary of 300-1000 words and combines 3 words together with 80% clarity |
| Separates from primary caregivers easily. | |
| Understands quantity more, less, empty, a lot, big, tall | |
| Understands directions same, both | |
| Understands up, down, in, on next to, besides, between, behind, in front | |
| Identifies all colors and 5 shapes | |
| Points to an object that is different from the others | |
| Follows two-step commands without cues. | |
| Asks and answers why, how and where questions | |
| Responds to "What do you see, hear, smell?" Expresses ideas and feelings. | |
| Talks about recent experiences. Takes turns and plays cooperatively. | |
| Clearly produces /p, b, m, t, d, k, g, n, w, h, w, f,ing/ in sentences | |
| Adult like speech. Clusters are stabilized (spt, spr, str). Words should not be simplified. | |
| 4-5 years | Has a 2500 expressive word vocabulary. |
| Final sounds acquisitions: /v, s, z, sh, ch, l, r, j/ | |
| Has approximately 90% intelligibility | |
| Follows three-step directions without cues. | |
| Uses 4-5 word sentences.. Uses imaginary conditions, such as "What if…" or "I hope." | |
| Uses words to invite others to play. | |
| Understands comparatives big, bigger, biggest and opposites | |
| Understands time concepts first, then, days of the week | |
| Asks and answers why and how questions | |
| Asks "Do you want to..?" "Are we going to…?" "Can you…?" | |
| Understands and expresses figurative language (idioms, jokes, humor) | |
| Uses could, would, might, maybe, should in speech | |
| Tells what common objects are made of and their functions | |
| 5-6 years | Understands opposites including left/right |
| Understands numbers up to 20 | |
| Answers how and when questions | |
| Uses adjectives for describing | |
| Uses yesterday and tomorrow | |
| Uses prepositions through, nearest, corner, middle | |
| Names ordinal numbers such as first, second, third | |
| Uses irregular plurals (feet, mice) and irregular past tense (ran, slept) | |
| Describes common objects and events | |
| Tells the weather | |
| Uses complete, coherent sentences | |
| Speaks audibly, sharing ideas and information | |
| Stabilization of all sounds including /v, s, z, sh, ch, l, r, j, th/ | |
| Understands categories | |
| Has approximately 100% intelligibility |
